Treatment of plant residues, stopping soil degradation and restoration of soil
Soil is the foundation of life on Earth. Climate change, food availability, water quality and renewability, human health and well-being, peace and prosperity - soil is the foundation of all this. Soil fertility is its ability to provide plants with nutrients, water and air. It depends on: organic matter ( it improves structure, retains moisture, nourishes microorganisms), chemical matter (macro- and micronutrients), living organisms (microorganisms decompose organic matter, fix nitrogen), and physical properties (structure, moisture, acidity). However, soils are rapidly degrading: 100 million hectares lose fertility every year. At this rate, the Earth's fertile soil layer will be sufficient 80-100 harvests. This threatens food security and the climate. Causes are intensive agriculture, excessive use of chemicals and crop rotation. Consequences are climate change, loss of organic carbon in soils increases the greenhouse effect, reduced crop yields, degraded soils are less fertile, resulting in lower yields. And after all, there is only one solution - adopting sustainable agricultural practices to store carbon in the soil, that is an integral part of combating global warming and preserving our planet. It works with optimising the carbon to nitrogen ratio. For soil biota to develop, an optimal carbon to nitrogen ratio of 25 parts carbon to 1 part nitrogen must be maintained. Apply agronomic practices that favour carbon storage. It is necessary to use agronomic practices that increase the content of organic carbon in the soil. Biona offers an innovative approach to solving the problem of soil degradation, which simultaneously contributes to carbon storage and the fight against global warming. The basis of this approach is the return of organic matter to the soil, which allows to effectively manage the process of carbon accumulation and increase land fertility. The technology is based on the product ‘Effect Bio SC’, which includes Bacillus subtilis spores, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma lignorum spores, as well as their metabolites (enzymes, phytohormones and biologically active substances), stabiliser, microbial growth accelerator. Treatment of plant residues with this product and their subsequent incorporation into the soil leads to the following results: 1. Increase in the content of organic matter and carbon in the soil. 2. Suppression of pathogens and improvement of soil microflora. 3. Improvement of soil structure and stimulation of soil formation. 4. Return of nutrients to the soil. 5. Preventing soil degradation. Thus, not only our technology does increase yields, but also helps to preserve soil fertility and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Benefits are increased yields (by reducing the need for chemicals), environmental conservation (the technology helps to restore soil biodiversity and reduce pollution). Table 1: Macro and micronutrient content, carbon and nitrogen ratio in straw of different crops.
Climate And Environmental Technologies
Agrobiotechnologies for soil creation, soil conservation and fertility reproduction
The ‘Treatment of plant residues, stopping soil degradation and restoration of soil fertility’ practice pays off already in the first year of application, as toxic products of plant residues half-decay are destroyed and the composition of soil biota is normalised. The maximum efficiency comes in the 4th-5th year of application, and then it is maintained by annual application. Replication in the BRICS countries requires registration of products in the country, adaptation and purchase of the products at the initial stage, further replication of biologics production on similar sites is possible, it will take 2-3 years, with a payback period of 3-5 years.
The Practice has already found its application in the Russian Federation. Recommended regions: Russian Federation, all crop growing regions. BRICS countries - crop-growing regions.
Competitive advantages of Effect Bio SC over other stubble destructors are the following properties: Complex composition: Contains specially selected strains of fungi and bacteria, which provides maximum efficiency in the decomposition of both cellulose and lignin, as well as effectiveness against both fungal and bacterial plant diseases (Fusarium spp., Helminthosporium spp., Rhisoctonia spp., Pythium spp., Sclerotium spp., Alternaria spp., Verticillium spp., Phitophtora spp., Botrytis). Resistance to unfavourable conditions: Not afraid of lack of moisture, resistant to UV radiation, works effectively at different temperatures and soil moisture. Cost-effective: High concentration (at least 2.0x10¹⁰ CFU/ml by the end of shelf life) and low application rates (from 0.15-0.50 litres/tonne) reduce treatment costs. Unique formula and stability: Microorganisms in the product are in spore form, which makes them resistant to frost, drought, and does not require special storage and transport conditions. Easy to use: The product is ready to use, does not require special conditions for dissolution. Long shelf life: Retains its activity for 24 months. Long-term effect: Remains active in the soil for 3-5 years. Technological efficiency: The technology of the product application has been developed taking into account the ratio of carbon to nitrogen and other necessary ingredients for maximum efficiency. Safety for human and environment: It has 4 class of hazard (low hazardous substance), practically harmless for humans, warm-blooded animals, beneficial entomofauna and environment. Not phytotoxic. Approved for use in organic agriculture: according to the Standard of International Accredited Organic Certification Bodies: National Organic Programme (NOP), Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS): Notice 1605 §205.105, CERES equivalent standard for Third Countries. Non-allergic: Unlike dry forms. State Registration: The product is registered by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. ‘Effect Bio SC’ can be successfully introduced into various systems and agro-techniques, such as the “Healthy Soil max” package developed by Biona. This technology contains products that provide synergy and promote acceleration of soil microflora activation processes, decomposition of plant residues, production of compensatory nitrogen and maximum accumulation of carbon in the soil. The Healthy Soil max package includes: - Hummate Active: A growth regulator that activates the activity of soil microflora. - Effect Bio SC: Destructor that decomposes plant residues and increases the carbon content of the soil. - Nitro Maiz: Nitrogen fixer that produces nitrogen necessary for soil microorganisms and maintains an optimal carbon to nitrogen ratio (25/1) for their active growth. The Healthy Soil max package is a complete solution for improving soil fertility, increasing yields and improving the environmental performance of a farm
Articles: Earth and Life (Effect Bio SC), Chief Agronomist (Bioproducts), Agrovesti (Practical application of a new Russian stubble bio-destructor), Pole.RF (The Truth about Destructors), Farmer TV (Argentine technology of BIONA inoculants production), Chief Agronomist (Plant protection products with the "bio" prefix), Agrobook (You can't replenish the harvest with chemistry), Agrobook (The power of bacteria for winter wheat), Organic Farming Union (Report on trials of ‘Effect Bio Spore Concentrate’ in Argentina). Awards. ‘Enterprise of the Year’ (2019), “Industry Exporter of the Year” (2023), Letter of thanks. All awards and articles can be found in annexes 1-8.
Results of soil research after application of Effeсt Bio at All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Protection (Krasnodar, Russia). Results of soil research after application of Effect Bio at Stavropol Agrarian University. (Stavropol, Russia) Results of soil research and subsequent yields after application of Effect Bio, Scientific and Production Centre ‘Armbiotechnology’, NAS RA. (Yerevan, Armenia) Results of a soil research to analyse the effect of microbiological fertilizer ‘Effect Bio’, to confirm in the field and in the laboratory the decomposition of stubble and the evolution of soil pathogenicity. (Santa-Fe, Argentina). The results can be found in annex 9
