People produce more plastic than they recycle

Electric power substitution for heavy-duty trucks is a crucial entry point for achieving the "dual carbon" goals in the transportation sector. China has long maintained the world's leading position in railway and highway passenger and freight volumes, port throughput, and power generation, but freight emissions remain high. Trucks account for about 11% of the total number of vehicles but contribute approximately 65% of the sector's total carbon emissions. In Beijing, heavy-duty fuel trucks alone account for about 80% of all motor vehicle carbon emissions. Since 2019, China has been promoting new energy medium and heavy-duty trucks in industries such as thermal power, steel, coal, coking, non-ferrous metals, and cement, as well as in logistics parks and major freight corridors for bulk cargo transportation. Developing zero-emission freight fleets has become a necessary path for the clean and high-quality development of China's freight transportation. The penetration rate of new energy heavy-duty trucks is steadily increasing, achieving a significant scale in energy saving and emission reduction. Since the introduction of battery-swapping (BS) heavy-duty trucks in 2019, they have quickly become one of the core solutions for new energy heavy-duty trucks. From 2021 to 2023, the compound annual growth rate of new energy heavy-duty trucks reached 90%. Among them, pure electric trucks (including BS) consistently accounted for about 90% of new energy heavy-duty trucks. The compound annual growth rate for BS heavy-duty trucks was about 73%, while for charging heavy-duty trucks it was 81%, with the ratio of BS to charging being approximately 1:1. Other solutions, such as hydrogen fuel heavy-duty trucks, are mainly driven by policies; methanol and 5 / 38 hybrid heavy-duty trucks are still in the early stages of development and are not yet mature. Since the beginning of 2024, driven by the advantages of fuel economy, the sales and market share of pure electric heavy-duty trucks have continued to rise. From January to May, a total of 19,592 pure electric heavy-duty trucks were sold, including 11,353 charging heavy-duty trucks and 8,239 BS heavy-duty trucks, marking a yearon-year growth of 149.5%. The proportion of pure electric heavy-duty trucks among new energy heavy-duty trucks increased to 92.5%. In May 2024, the penetration rate of new energy heavy-duty trucks in the domestic market reached 10.8%, achieving a single-month penetration rate exceeding 10%. Based on the estimated over 10 million heavy-duty fuel trucks in China, replacing 30% of them with electric heavy-duty trucks, equivalent to 3 million vehicles, would result in an annual increase in electricity consumption by 432 billion kWh, a reduction in diesel consumption by 129.6 billion liters, and a reduction in CO2 emissions by approximately 341 million tons. This replacement would also reduce the emissions of four major pollutants by a total of 2.3846 million tons, highlighting the significant impact on carbon reduction.